Why is soil compaction a significant concern when using heavy machinery?

Soil compaction is a significant concern when using heavy machinery primarily because it restricts root growth. When soil becomes compacted, the air spaces within the soil structure are diminished, leading to a denser and harder soil mass. This compaction interferes with the ability of roots to penetrate the soil, access water, and obtain essential nutrients. As roots struggle to grow and expand, overall plant health and crop productivity can decline, impacting the yield and quality of the agricultural products.

In contrast to the other options, soil compaction does not increase crop yields, improve water infiltration, or enhance soil nutrients. Rather, it can lead to decreased soil health and hinder the biological activity necessary for nutrient cycling and availability in the soil.